Infrastructure is a driver of vulnerability and a potential catalyst for resilience in Southern Africa’s cities. This chapter assesses weaknesses in water, energy, transport, and waste systems by applying systems thinking, socio-ecological resilience, and critical infrastructure theory. Case studies from Durban, Maputo, Johannesburg, and Windhoek showcase innovative practices and persistent gaps. Barriers such as financial constraints, weak coordination, technical capacity deficits, and political economy dynamics are critically examined. Recommendations include risk-informed design, nature-based solutions, expanded resilience financing, and equity-driven infrastructure provision. The chapter frames resilient infrastructure as a prerequisite for sustainable development in rapidly urbanising contexts.