This chapter provides insights into the role and significance of human resources in hidden champion companies. Hidden champions (HCs) are typically highly specialized leaders in niche markets, with a strong focus on both internationalization and innovation strategies. The strength, adaptability, and resilience of these companies stem from visionary leadership and highly skilled employees who are educated and trained in specialized business areas served by HCs. HCs foster more personalized relationships with their employees which they achieve through a supportive and inclusive organizational culture. Considering the core activities of human resource management, HCs are primarily focused on attracting, developing, and retaining talented employees. Consequently, the most significant challenges for human resource management in HCs relate to the recruitment of qualified employees, providing education and training relevant and tailored to the particular workplace, and ensuring effective managerial succession. Still, the results of our research illustrate that organizational culture, talent management, education and knowledge sharing, employee empowerment, employee engagement, job satisfaction, motivation and well-being are areas where forward-thinking human resource activities are carried out.