This paper examines the relationship between the preservation of protected and listed heritage sites and the use of vernacular construction techniques, focusing particularly on rammed earth. It begins with an examination of the work of Brazilian institutions such as the National Institute of Historic and Artistic Heritage in the 1970s and the restoration of rammed earth structures at the Republican Convention Museum “Convention of Itu” in accordance with preservation and restoration guidelines. The aim is to apply Heritage Building Information Modelling to enrich the semantic information as an investigative tool, and to create a contemporary heritage record with precise geometric measurements of the current state of conservation. To support this approach, innovative digital tools such as photogrammetry and image-based modeling are used to analyze architectural elements, enabling a deeper understanding of their form, design logic, and spatial characteristics. Thus, the study employs a methodology that combines traditional knowledge with contemporary digital technologies to enhance our understanding of material memory.