Exercise is widely recognized for its health benefits, including its effects on the prevention and treatment of various diseases. Many studies have elucidated the molecular mechanisms underlying these benefits, including epigenetics. The role of epigenetics has received a lot of attention recently. Epigenetics refers to heritable changes in gene expression that do not involve alterations to the underlying DNA sequence. Exercise has been shown to induce changes in DNA methylation, histone modifications, non-coding RNAs and mitochondrial function, which are crucial components of the epigenetic machinery. These changes are capable of modifying the expression of genes involved in energy metabolism, oxidative stress response, inflammation and other aspects. The modulation of gene expression that occurs through exercise can have profound effects on cellular homeostasis and the balance between cell survival and death. As a basic pathological process, cell death plays an important role in a variety of diseases. The intervention of cell death can play a role in the treatment or prevention of diseases. The research on the effect of exercise on epigenetic changes related to cell death is constantly being updated, and the specific mechanisms by which epigenetics influence various cell death modalities are being elucidated in more detail. Understanding the interplay among aerobic exercise, epigenetic regulation, and cell death provides a promising avenue for the development of personalized exercise regimens and therapeutic interventions that can enhance human health.