Introduction
摘要
As globalization sweeps across the world, China has seen an influx of foreigners since it initiated the Reform and Opening-up policy in 1978, and the number of foreigners has grown from 593,832 in 2011 to 845,697 in 2021, according to the national census. Most of them dwell in major metropolises, such as Shanghai, Beijing, and Guangzhou. Among them, there are 193,202 foreigners in Shanghai, which boasts about 1/4 of all foreigners in mainland China, although they remain a small part of the city’s total population of 24,870,895.