The judges, Jouvenal, Chartier, and Bréhal—now joined by the third prelate commissioned by the pope, Bishop Olivier of Coutances—began their deliberations in Paris in June, while business was wrapping up in Rouen, breaking off to reconvene in Rouen on June 18. The prelates had also assigned Bréhal to summarize the case, doubtless at an early date, because his resulting treatise was very extensive. He pulled some punches—for instance, in sparing Cauchon blame for the pre-charge interrogations of Joan to induce self-incrimination, a tactic common to Bréhal’s own Holy Inquisition. But he did manage to impugn the University of Paris (as other consultants’ treatises collected for the Nullity trial did not). Finally, on July 7, 1456, the judges declared the proceedings against Joan of Arc, as containing manifest calumny, wickedness, and error of law and fact, to have been null and void. Joan herself, whose life had been admirable, incurred no stain of infamy on account of those proceedings, and any such stain that did accrue to her was hereby expunged. Public proclamation was to be made in Rouen and elsewhere in the realm as should seem good. There followed a ceremonial shredding of the Twelve Articles.