Industrial decarbonization is a baleful component of global climate mitigation efforts, as industries account for a significant contribution of greenhouse gas emissions, primarily from the use of fossil fuels for process heat. Solar thermal energy, when integrated with thermal energy storage (TES), offers an efficient and sustainable solution to meet the high and variable heat requirements of industrial processes. This chapter explores the role of solar thermal technologies in decreasing carbon emissions from industry, with a focus on TES systems that secure energy reliability and operational adaptability. It enables the capture and storage of excess solar energy during periods of availability and releases it when required, mitigating the irregular nature of solar radiation. Technologies such as latent heat storage and sensible heat storage using phase change materials (PCMs) and molten salts are discussed, along with recent advancements in compound materials and consolidation methods aimed at improving thermal conductivity and system strength. The chapter also highlights the environmental and economic benefits of integrating TES with industrial solar thermal systems, together with peak load management and support for carbon capture technologies. By addressing the scientific and technical challenges of thermal energy storage (TES), solar thermal energy emerges as a vital pathway for industries to move toward a low-carbon and sustainable future.