ClimatologyClimatology is not rocket-scienceScience; it’s far more challenging. What exactly constitutes climate change and makes it different from changes in the weather is a contentious issue. In a formal sense, climate changes are measured over longer periods, typically greater than 30 years and could last millions of years. Models of climate change rely heavily upon data from the past, such as an analysis of tree rings or evidence from ice caps, but also upon the mechanisms that give rise to an equilibrium between the incoming radiation from the Sun and radiation as it is captured or returned at different layers of the Earth’s atmosphereAtmosphere, known as a radiation equilibrium. The equilibrium can be changed through ‘radiation forcingRadiation forcing‘ as the intensity of Green House GasesGreen House Gases (GHG) (GHGs) in the atmosphereAtmosphere changes, giving rise to equilibrium climate sensitivity. Many hundreds of scientists globally contribute annually to the work of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) - scenarios in monitoring these changes and their effects, such as global warming, giving rise to a variety of scenariosScenarios, each dependent upon the actual steps taken to contain climate changes.