Background and objective: Adjuvant human disease (AHD) caused by injection of modeling substances is a relatively recent yet complex disease with a high impact on mortality, health, and quality of life. Disease perception is an influential factor in patients’ decisions to seek help and prevent disease evolution to detrimental outcomes. The objective of this study is to assess how patients with AHD by injection of illicit cosmetic biopolymer injections perceive their illness and how the disease process impacts their quality of life. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted using the Brief IPQ Questionnaire, which included female patients with biopolymer injection. Inclusion criteria were patients older than 18 years with illicit cosmetic biopolymer injections; patients with complete surgical resection of the biomaterial were excluded. Results: A total of 441 females with a mean age of 35 responded to the survey. A significant association between poor illness perception, quality of life deterioration, and illicit cosmetic biopolymer injection was observed. Conclusions: Our study suggests that AHD by injection of illicit cosmetic biopolymers has a high impact on the patient’s quality of life. The illegal use of these materials is a practice that carries not only repercussions on quality of life but is also considered to have life-threatening risks and lethal consequences.