Introducing the Spectrum of Parasociality
摘要
Parasocial interaction and relationshipsrelationships once addressed the relationshiprelationship between celebrities and fans. Until today, they have evolved and diversified, being relocated onto the internetinternet. The spheres of parasocialityparasociality continue to expand, holding significance in the everyday lives of many, for instance, when using datingdating appsdating apps, social mediasocial media, subscription platformssubscription platforms (such as OnlyFansOnlyFans), and when engaging with AIAI chatbotschatbots and companionscompanions. The use of such services appears immediately convenient and gratifying; however, it also poses paradoxesparadoxes, costs, and challenges. Contemporary forms of parasocial interactionparasocial interaction and relationships introduce novel mechanisms and meanings, which remain scientifically underexplored to date, underscoring the need for a nuanced conceptualization and in-depth understanding of their meanings and mechanisms.