Acclimatising to the Future: Prefiguration and Urban Experimentation in Public Policy
摘要
Prefiguration and (urban) experimentation are two distinct, though partially overlapping approaches seeking to manifest the future in the present. The chapter uses Car-Free City Life as a case study for exploring the prefiguration-experimentation nexus. The Car-Free City Life project was an attempt to establish a car-free city centre in Oslo, Norway’s capital. The project strategy had a clear prefigurative orientation: the project would ease Oslo’s citizens into a low-carbon future by letting them experience a car-free city centre. This future was materialised via experimental interventions in the urban fabric, many of which were later made permanent. The project faced contestations: first, some interventions had unintended consequences; second, the project was made a target in the broader “culture war”. However, over time, the unintended consequences were addressed, and the controversy lost momentum. Car-Free City Life suggests that prefigurative strategies and experimental practices may be pursued within institutional politics with some success. Simultaneously, it points to a potentially unresolvable challenge of prefiguration: though the project brought the future into the present, this present only became acceptable—or at least tolerable—in the future, thus pointing to how socio-material, mental, and normative landscapes are transformed asynchronously.