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The release of vapor from liquids, particularly cavitation, poses significant challenges to hydraulic equipment, water supply systems, and piping networks. Understanding this phenomenon is of critical importance. This study uses a bubble cavitation model to analyze the intensity of vapor cavitation occurring in metal pipes under sub-atmospheric pressure conditions during water hammer events. The study will focus on the impact of initial pressure conditions in a simple reservoir-pipe-valve-reservoir system on the intensity of cavitation at the moment of its occurrence. Special attention will be given to very low-pressure flows between reservoirs, where artificial conditions (using vacuum pumps) will be created to induce sub-atmospheric flow regimes. The primary goal of this experimental research, to be conducted in the near future, is to enable the analysis of cavitation under laminar flow conditions. This investigation aims to improve the understanding of cavitation phenomena and, potentially, it will lead to new trends in modeling approaches in pipe systems, particularly regarding the unsteady friction modeling.

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Initial Theoretical Research on Cavitation Severity During Water Hammer in Metal Pipes Operating Under Sub-atmospheric Pressures

  • 会议论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年

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  • Kamil Urbanowicz,
  • Paweł Śliwiński,
  • Michał Kubrak,
  • Apoloniusz Kodura

摘要

The release of vapor from liquids, particularly cavitation, poses significant challenges to hydraulic equipment, water supply systems, and piping networks. Understanding this phenomenon is of critical importance. This study uses a bubble cavitation model to analyze the intensity of vapor cavitation occurring in metal pipes under sub-atmospheric pressure conditions during water hammer events. The study will focus on the impact of initial pressure conditions in a simple reservoir-pipe-valve-reservoir system on the intensity of cavitation at the moment of its occurrence. Special attention will be given to very low-pressure flows between reservoirs, where artificial conditions (using vacuum pumps) will be created to induce sub-atmospheric flow regimes. The primary goal of this experimental research, to be conducted in the near future, is to enable the analysis of cavitation under laminar flow conditions. This investigation aims to improve the understanding of cavitation phenomena and, potentially, it will lead to new trends in modeling approaches in pipe systems, particularly regarding the unsteady friction modeling.