Neurohistology, microscopic examination of neural tissue, has never been advancing so quickly in contemporary times, driven by advances in technology and methods. The availability of high-resolution imaging devices like super-resolution microscopy and light-sheet fluorescence microscopy allows unprecedented imaging of neural structure. Molecular biological developments have permitted new markers to provide accurate cellular identification and functional characterization and to reveal the intricacies of the nervous system. Artificial intelligence and machine learning are transforming data analysis to improve investigation of neural connectivity and dynamics. Also, tissue clearing technologies and organoid models are facilitating investigation of three-dimensional neural architecture and disease modeling. These new technologies are explained in this chapter along with their application toward the comprehension of brain repair mechanisms, neural development, and neurodegenerative diseases. Recent advances in neurohistology using the multidisciplinary approaches are rewriting the rules of neuroscience and opening the doors of discovery and therapeutic advancement.