Competencies necessary for effective management and employee performance across the private and public sectors have garnered significant attention from both researchers and practitioners. This study conducts a systematic literature review to explore differences in managerial competencies across sectors, with a particular focus on how these competencies may vary by the age of employees and retired of organizational practices. The research methodology adopted for this study strategically combines quantitative research methods, particularly survey research, with literature review approaches. This hybrid approach is designed to leverage the strengths of both methods, offering a multifaceted exploration of the research questions and enriching the overall understanding of the subject matter. The review revealed that employees in the private sector tend to emphasize business acumen, entrepreneurial thinking, risk management, and innovation. In contrast, public sector employees were found to prioritize policy and regulatory awareness, stakeholder engagement, and political acumen. Additionally, it was noted that age-related factors could influence competency needs, with younger employees in the private sector potentially favoring innovation and adaptability, while older employees may place greater importance on stability and policy adherence in the public sector. Despite these sectorial and age-related differences, our review suggests that there are more similarities than differences in the core competencies required for effective management across sectors. This reinforces the importance of fostering a comprehensive skill set that can be applied across diverse organizational environments, regardless of employee age or sectorial distinctions. In conclusion, our study emphasizes the need for understanding the varied competencies essential for effective management in different sectors and organizational contexts. By identifying these competencies, organizations can develop tailored training programs, enhance succession planning by identifying high-potential employees of all age groups, and ultimately improve overall organizational performance.