Given Nigeria and South Africa’s material and ideational capacities, their multilateral engagements are pivotal to the continent’s overall success. In other words, the numerous challenges confronting Africa—ranging from conflicts and authoritarian governance to the adverse effects of globalisation, such as climate change and terrorism—demand collective action rather than isolated state efforts. These issues can only be effectively addressed when both regional powers provide consistent and effective leadership. It is within this context that this chapter explores Nigeria and South Africa’s roles in ECOWAS and SADC, respectively, as well as their engagements within the AU and UN, through the lens of Afrocentrism. The chapter highlights the successes achieved in areas such as peacekeeping, democracy promotion, and economic development when the two states have collaborated, as well as the setbacks that arise when their positions diverge.