The circular bioeconomy of the fruits and vegetables (FV) agroindustry in Argentina refers to the production and consumption of bio-based products from FV waste, minimizing their disposal and promoting sustainable resource use. This chapter aims to present local scientific and technical experiences related to the circular bioeconomy of the FV agroindustry, but more specifically, cases involving native biological resources and those whose products or benefits return to the agricultural production system. These cases are grouped into three sections according to the type of product involved: (1) waste use (as soil improvers and biopesticides), (2) biotechnology (native biological resources as tools for FV pests and disease control, and native plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) for abiotic stress reduction), and (3) renewable energy-enhanced FV production. The presented experiences are at different stages of achievement, supported by the scientific and technological Argentinian system, and contribute to a climate-smart agriculture, and they are expected to guide future farming activities.