Pap Smear and HPV Testing
摘要
The Pap smear for cervical cancer screening was first introduced in the 1940s. Since then, the incidence of cervical cancer in the USA has decreased from 14/100,000 to 7.1/100,000 in 2022 (NIH National Cancer Institute. www.seer.cancer.gov ). The addition of high-risk human papillomavirus DNA testing (HPV testing) has improved sensitivity for cervical cancer screening. Primary high-risk HPV testing is now available for use in the United States. The procedure for Pap smear and HPV testing is discussed, as well as screening recommendations and management guidelines.