Artificial Intelligence (AI) is increasingly transforming agricultural supply chains, offering new capabilities across production, post-harvest handling, logistics, and retail. This chapter situates AI applications within the broader trajectory of industrial revolutions and agricultural technology. Using a value chain perspective, the chapter examines AI’s role in upstream decision-making, midstream logistics and storage optimization, and downstream market intelligence and traceability. Ultimately, while AI promises significant gains in efficiency, sustainability, and supply chain resilience, realizing its full potential requires attention to data interoperability, governance, access, and context-sensitive design.