Monitoring natural environments is currently a hot research topic, as the early detection of an anomaly or the presence of contaminants in such a setting allows for mitigating environmental damage. In this regard, these tasks have been carried out using nodes that executed code sequentially, mainly due to their inability to execute multiple threads. However, in this article, we propose the collaborative use of sensor nodes within a network, so that a single node can be multipurpose and provide service by monitoring different sets of variables for the same environment. To this end, we propose using autonomic computing, a self-management mode for nodes that allows them to interact with each other and execute different codes as needed. After testing the system, it has been confirmed that this type of operation generates significant energy savings for each node in the network and that, ultimately, it is possible to work with a smaller number of nodes, which implies consequent economic savings.