From Supposedly ‘No Culture’ to ‘Making My Own Culture’: Some Provocations on Culture and Multi/Transculturalism in Namibia
摘要
Namibia is a huge country with a very small population; at the same time, it is multilingual and multicultural. Its history is tainted by a colonial past, during which the first genocide by the German rulers occurred. After this, the South African Apartheid era, which lasted till 1990, further divided the people. All of this had an impact on various cultures. While the German colonialists maintained that the indigenous people did not have a culture at all, the Apartheid regime considered the cultures in the country as inferior and cautioned the white population not to lower themselves to that level. As a result, many Namibians were only able to develop a sense of pride in their own culture during the three decades since independence in 1990. In the book “Education for All” (1999), Nahas Angula pleads for the people of independent Namibia to grow together and develop a common culture. Whether this has been achieved or whether tribalism has managed to prevent this once again will be part of the investigation of this paper. It furthermore seeks to explain the relationship between the historical developments in the country and the various concepts of culture. By taking into consideration the inter-, multi-, and transcultural theories (Welsch. Transculturality—The puzzling form of cultures today. In M. Featherstone & S. Lash (Eds.), Spaces of culture: City, nation world (pp. 194–213). Sage 1999), it becomes evident how culture can be misused for political purposes. In conclusion, the chapter depicts the different ways in which learning languages opens up a new world and how this allows us to create our own culture without betraying our origin (Griese. ZEP, 29(4), 19–23, 2006).