Experimental Evaluation and Performance Optimization of Large-Scale Magnetic Refrigeration Prototype for Air Conditioning Systems
摘要
Heating, refrigeration and air-conditioning are responsible for approximately 7.8% of global greenhouse gas emissions and are considered one of the main blind spots in the current energy debate. Magnetocaloric technology stands out as an innovative technology, that could substitute the use of volatile fluids in vapor compression systems with solid-state refrigerants. This study offers a comprehensive experimental evaluation of the thermodynamic performance across three successive iterations of a large-scale magnetic refrigeration prototype, specifically designed for air conditioning systems. Each prototype iteration reflects a series of design modifications, informed by specific constraints, motivations, and underlying rationale, all of which are thoroughly documented in this work. Performance evaluation encompassed key metrics such as cooling capacity and temperature span. Among the three prototypes, the initial version, which adhered closely to the original design principles, demonstrated the most favorable performance. It effectively achieved the required temperature spans for air conditioning, operating between heat reservoir temperatures of 22 ºC and 35 ºC, although it was limited in cooling power, peaking at 480 W. Advanced thermodynamic analysis highlighted that, while magnetic refrigeration shows considerable promise for achieving high efficiency, the system's overall performance is notably degraded by losses in auxiliary components. Despite the advancements realized through these prototype iterations, the study underscores that significant challenges and opportunities persist in refining magnetic refrigeration technology, particularly for its application in energy-efficient air conditioning systems.