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The level of carbon dioxide in the outdoor air has risen significantly over the past 50 years by nearly 100 ppm. CO2 is the most important factor contributing to global warming. If the concentration continues to rise at the same rate, it is expected to reach nearly 500 ppm by 2050. This study aims to analyze the negative consequences over performance of the HVAC systems due to the increased out-door air CO2 concentration and the possible options for mitigating this effect, since this change will lead to a requirement to increase the air flow rates with which the ventilation systems work in order to maintain the same indoor air quality in the occupied premises. As a result, it is necessary to apply a new approach, both in the design of HVAC systems, and in the maintenance and renovation of existing systems. The current European requirements, on the basis of which numerous standards and regulatory norms of the EU member states have been pre-pared, are nearly 25 years old. Therefore, it is possible that in the near future many buildings will end up with ventilation systems that are not capable of fully performing their function. In the deep renovation, this effect will also have a significant impact. These changes, in addition to the efficiency and energy consumption of the ventilation systems, also increase the investment costs with around 17.4%, as well as there will be the need for larger spaces in the buildings for both equipment and ductwork.

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Ventilation Systems Adaptation to the Increasing Global Carbon Dioxide Concentration and Options for Mitigating the Consequences Over Their Performance

  • 会议论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年

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  • Ivan Dimchev,
  • Martin Ivanov,
  • Angel Terziev

摘要

The level of carbon dioxide in the outdoor air has risen significantly over the past 50 years by nearly 100 ppm. CO2 is the most important factor contributing to global warming. If the concentration continues to rise at the same rate, it is expected to reach nearly 500 ppm by 2050. This study aims to analyze the negative consequences over performance of the HVAC systems due to the increased out-door air CO2 concentration and the possible options for mitigating this effect, since this change will lead to a requirement to increase the air flow rates with which the ventilation systems work in order to maintain the same indoor air quality in the occupied premises. As a result, it is necessary to apply a new approach, both in the design of HVAC systems, and in the maintenance and renovation of existing systems. The current European requirements, on the basis of which numerous standards and regulatory norms of the EU member states have been pre-pared, are nearly 25 years old. Therefore, it is possible that in the near future many buildings will end up with ventilation systems that are not capable of fully performing their function. In the deep renovation, this effect will also have a significant impact. These changes, in addition to the efficiency and energy consumption of the ventilation systems, also increase the investment costs with around 17.4%, as well as there will be the need for larger spaces in the buildings for both equipment and ductwork.