The influence of different modelling techniques for stratified tank thermal storage systems is analyzed based on the computational time and simulated energy use of the system, when integrated in a district heating network. The different modelling techniques include a fully-mixed tank and two multi-layer models with four or twenty nodes. A district heating network with 35 individual dwellings is considered. The influence of several boundary conditions is investigated: central and decentral storage systems are compared and the network supply temperature is varied (55 ℃ and 75 ℃). The simulations are performed with the Modelica programming language using the IDEAS and MoSDH library. The results show that the simulated energy use is significantly higher when using a fully-mixed model compared to a multi-node model, due to the inherent simplification of uniform temperature and its effect on the tank heat losses in the fully-mixed model. The computational time increase when switching from a fully-mixed to a multi-layer tank with four layers is negligible in case of central storage, while the required time doubles for decentral storage. Additionally, an increase of 16–18% is found in case of a central storage system with twenty nodes and an eight times increase in case of a decentral storage system with twenty nodes when compared to using the fully-mixed model. Overall, a multi-node tank model with a limited amount of nodes gives the best trade-off between accuracy and computational load, albeit with a large increase in computation time for decentral storage systems.

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Comparison of Stratified Tank Modelling Techniques in a District Heating System Evaluated on Accuracy and Computational Load

  • Ilya T’Jollyn,
  • Tore Boeykens,
  • Alixe Degelin,
  • Wim Beyne,
  • Michel De Paepe

摘要

The influence of different modelling techniques for stratified tank thermal storage systems is analyzed based on the computational time and simulated energy use of the system, when integrated in a district heating network. The different modelling techniques include a fully-mixed tank and two multi-layer models with four or twenty nodes. A district heating network with 35 individual dwellings is considered. The influence of several boundary conditions is investigated: central and decentral storage systems are compared and the network supply temperature is varied (55 ℃ and 75 ℃). The simulations are performed with the Modelica programming language using the IDEAS and MoSDH library. The results show that the simulated energy use is significantly higher when using a fully-mixed model compared to a multi-node model, due to the inherent simplification of uniform temperature and its effect on the tank heat losses in the fully-mixed model. The computational time increase when switching from a fully-mixed to a multi-layer tank with four layers is negligible in case of central storage, while the required time doubles for decentral storage. Additionally, an increase of 16–18% is found in case of a central storage system with twenty nodes and an eight times increase in case of a decentral storage system with twenty nodes when compared to using the fully-mixed model. Overall, a multi-node tank model with a limited amount of nodes gives the best trade-off between accuracy and computational load, albeit with a large increase in computation time for decentral storage systems.