A Framework for Compliance Verification Based on Trusted Data and Blockchain Identity
摘要
Ships generate huge amounts of sensor data, which is largely underutilized due to lack of standardization. The ad-hoc data collection and transmission procedures and proprietary nature of sensor naming conventions make it challenging to implement and scale digital solutions based on this data. Ensuring data integrity can present an additional challenge as data is generated by multiple sensors onboard a ship with constrained connectivity to shore. Sensor as well as stakeholder identities are significant here, in order to reflect ownership structures, maintain access control and link actions with the entity that performed it. In this paper we present Vidameco, an integrated hardware and software framework for standardized data collection and tamperproofing. Dockerized microservices are developed for data collection, hashing, publication of hashes on the blockchain and verification by data consumers. Further, we present an architecture to integrate this tamperproofed data with sensor and stakeholder identity in order to create an underpinning for a digitalized value chain. Sensors are named in a hierarchical structure using the ISO19848 standard and this structure is interfaced with digital identities of stakeholders on the blockchain such as from the European Blockchain Services Infrastructure (EBSI). Finally, taking EU’s Monitoring Recording and Verification (MRV) regulations as a case study we conceptually demonstrate this framework. MRV reporting is a complex value chain involving multiple stakeholders and extensive documentation and forms the basis for EU’s Emissions Trading System (ETS), which is set to include shipping from 2024. This case study presents and evaluates an end-to-end digitalized ETS ecosystem based on tamperproofed data using MRV as the Oracle in smart contracts for ETS trading.