The article explores the challenges posed by the human factors in cybersecurity in Bulgaria, focusing on the findings of a structured questionnaire conducted to assess public perceptions, attitudes, and awareness. Cybersecurity, defined as the prevention, detection, response, and recovery from cyber incidents, is increasingly influenced by human behavior and decisions. In this context, the study investigates critical aspects, including trust in institutions, perceptions of legal frameworks, the role of education, and the impact of artificial intelligence (AI) on cyber threats. The anonymous and voluntary survey provided valuable insights into the collective understanding of cybersecurity challenges, emphasizing the dual role of technological advancements and human responsibility in ensuring digital safety. Participants highlighted the importance of ethical hackers, legislative reforms, and educational initiatives as fundamental to building resilience against emerging cyber threats. The results underscore the interplay between human actions and systemic factors, offering a comprehensive perspective on how digital skills, trust, and education shape Bulgaria’s readiness to address cybersecurity challenges.