Stress is any type of mental imbalance that can lead to mental disorders ranging from low to high severities which can be classified as acute and chronic stress conditions. Chronic stress leads to hyperactivation of the sympathetic nervous system, resulting in physical, psychological, and behavioural problems. Currently, there is no recognised standard for stress assessment. Thus depressive disorders leading to stress are a flight or fight response to the stimulus generated by human nervous system caused due to any unacceptable behaviour or circumstance. Throughout this response adrenaline hormones are secreted that leads to increased respiration and heart rates, along with increased muscle activity. Such type of biological alterations prime the organism for a physical response that affects human body mechanisms in terms of sleep abnormalities, digestive disorders or work imbalances in routine lives. Thus WESAD is a multimodal wearable dataset which combines both affective states (baseline, depression and happy) and other sensor modalities such as blood pressure, ECG, skin conductivity, EMG, breathing, and three-axis acceleration. There are also other classification parameters based on physiological changes which are also found in WESAD dataset and by using different types of Machine Learning Classifiers analysis is done. The algorithms with the highest accuracy can be used for developing a novel and a hybrid model which can categorise stress based on Heartrate Variability and stating HRV as a biomarker for stress detection. Both characteristics related to time and frequency of heart rate are categorized in the research study. In the context of the three-class classification based on three affect states, baseline, stress, and amusement result up to 99% was obtained. Use of two affective states like stress and amusement gave an accuracy up to 84% using DT classifier.

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Stress Detection Using HRV as a Biological Marker: A Research Study Based on Machine Learning Techniques

  • Bhoomi C. Parikh,
  • Zankhana Shah

摘要

Stress is any type of mental imbalance that can lead to mental disorders ranging from low to high severities which can be classified as acute and chronic stress conditions. Chronic stress leads to hyperactivation of the sympathetic nervous system, resulting in physical, psychological, and behavioural problems. Currently, there is no recognised standard for stress assessment. Thus depressive disorders leading to stress are a flight or fight response to the stimulus generated by human nervous system caused due to any unacceptable behaviour or circumstance. Throughout this response adrenaline hormones are secreted that leads to increased respiration and heart rates, along with increased muscle activity. Such type of biological alterations prime the organism for a physical response that affects human body mechanisms in terms of sleep abnormalities, digestive disorders or work imbalances in routine lives. Thus WESAD is a multimodal wearable dataset which combines both affective states (baseline, depression and happy) and other sensor modalities such as blood pressure, ECG, skin conductivity, EMG, breathing, and three-axis acceleration. There are also other classification parameters based on physiological changes which are also found in WESAD dataset and by using different types of Machine Learning Classifiers analysis is done. The algorithms with the highest accuracy can be used for developing a novel and a hybrid model which can categorise stress based on Heartrate Variability and stating HRV as a biomarker for stress detection. Both characteristics related to time and frequency of heart rate are categorized in the research study. In the context of the three-class classification based on three affect states, baseline, stress, and amusement result up to 99% was obtained. Use of two affective states like stress and amusement gave an accuracy up to 84% using DT classifier.