Planning Ecological Networks from Regional to Local Level: Reflections to Support Biodiversity for People and Nature
摘要
A sound coordination between spatial planning instruments at different administrative levels (from regional to local/municipal) is crucial to guarantee the efficient implementation of ecological networks as territorially open systems of relationships between biological and landscape components at several scales, each with a various mix of ecosystem services provided (from biodiversity conservation to climate adaptation). How—and at which administrative level(s)—is ecological network adopted within territorial and urban planning instruments? What is the relationship between the various levels and the transcalarity among them? How can the local level contribute to plan nature-positive cities and eventually inform ecologically-sound policies at higher levels in a bottom-up vertical process? These are some of the questions this contribution intends to address, starting from the results of two recent works carried out by ISPRA: the survey on the state of implementation of ecological networks at the regional level in spatial and landscape planning instruments, and the in-depth analysis of Urban greening plans of 10 Italian municipalities looking at the role of green and blue infrastructures and nature-based solutions within local mandatory planning instruments. Such a crossed analysis is an opportunity to—among others—verify if and how, at the different administrative levels, the indications of the higher levels are translated into the binding and voluntary instruments of the subordinate administrative levels. Main results and findings will be described and the implications for future works discussed.