Misinformation and Democratic Dissatisfaction: Trump’s Electoral Narratives in the 2020 and 2024 US Elections
摘要
Dissatisfaction with the performance of democracy is widespread in Western liberal democracies, where discontent is often linked to economic concerns, individual rights, perceived detachment of elites, and rapid social transformations. Media and political landscapes have undergone significant shifts, overwhelmed by torrents of information. The extensive spread of information, coupled with declining trust in media and governmental institutions, as well as the ascent of right-wing populism and increased political polarization, has fostered a political information environment where truth and falsehood intermingle. This convergence creates disparate narratives, exacerbating polarization and challenging the cohesion of democratic societies. This chapter explores the US political information environment as one that fosters public susceptibility to misinformation, erodes trust in democratic institutions, and undermines social cohesion and democratic integrity. Using Donald Trump’s attempt to disrupt the 2020 US presidential election and his subsequent successful presidential campaign in 2024 as a case study, this chapter examines his narrative of election fraud—despite the absence of evidence—and analyzes his social media posts, public statements, and the role of these communications in perpetuating mistrust in democratic institutions. The chapter argues that right-wing populist leaders often operate in an environment where their supporters prioritize loyalty over accountability, readily believing misinformation even when confronted with rebuttals. By examining the dynamics of misinformation and its acceptance, the chapter contributes to understanding how these narratives weaken citizens’ trust of democratic institutions and challenge the principles of accountability and truth that underpin liberal democracies.