Titanium dioxide (TiO2) is a valuable material in biomedical applications due to its exceptional biocompatibility, chemical stability, and photocatalytic activity. So far, a number of techniques are used for production of TiO2 structures for improvement of medical devices that include anodization, micro-arc oxidation, sol-gel synthesis, and atomic layer deposition (ALD). ALD is gaining interest particularly in stomatology for precise coatings on dental implants and prostheses. TiO2 coatings have demonstrated promising results in improving osseointegration by supporting osteoblast adhesion, proliferation, and mineralization. Additionally, it proved antimicrobial properties due to photocatalytic generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) under UV light. This feature has been utilized in antibacterial coatings and drug delivery systems through TiO2 nanotubes. In stomatology, ALD usage for TiO2 nanolayering has also been tested on materials such as for example poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), commonly used in dental prostheses. Challenges such as limited reactive surface sites and temperature sensitivity of polymers are addressed through plasma treatments and plasma-enhanced ALD. Published data shows that PMMA coated with TiO2 improves its mechanical properties, material resistance, surface wettability, and provide antibacterial properties. These capabilities are particularly effective against oral pathogens including E. coli, S. aureus, S. mutans, and Candida albicans. In summary, TiO2 nanolayers present a promising solution for improving the durability and hygiene of dental materials, reducing infection risks, and enhancing the overall performance of dental implants and devices.