During the provision of primary health care, according to WHO, 4 out of 10 patients are at risk during the provision of primary health care. Unsafe health care is responsible for over 3 million deaths each year. The paper initially assesses various aspects of patient safety within primary health care settings, to identify issues that require further improvements for patient safety during health care services. In Moldova, a cross-sectional study was conducted based on the MOSPSC questionnaire, using the AHRQ instrument in primary healthcare institutions. The non-probabilistic study sample included 820 family doctors. The Likert scale was used for response. The response rate for the paper survey was 68.5% and for the online survey was 31.5%. General practitioners – 64.3%, rural doctors – 80.6%, and doctors responsible for management represented 18.6%, resident doctors from Chisinau -13.7%. The rate of positive responses with subsequent identification of the critical and developed areas of patient safety culture was found to be 94.6%. The perspectives with the highest values were observed among: Organizational learning (97%), Workplace stress and peace of mind (94%), Processes in the Medical Center and standardization (95%), Traceability of patient care/follow-up (90%) and General perception of patient safety and quality (87%). To identify the problems that need to be solved, it is necessary to assess the access to healthcare, medicines, diagnostic equipment, information exchange and overall assessment of quality and safety.