Accurate evaluation of body fat distribution is important for identifying individuals at increased cardiometabolic risk. Ultrasound has gained recognition as a practical method for assessing subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT), offering enhanced insight into fat patterning. This study aimed to investigate the association between ultrasound measured SAT thickness and cardiometabolic risk factors in young women with obesity. Material and Methods. Fifty-eight healthy women aged 18–45 years, classified as obese (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2, n = 27) or normal weight (BMI ≤ 25 kg/m2, n = 31), were included in the study. SAT thickness was measured by B-mode ultrasound at nine anatomical sites. Anthropometric indices, blood pressure, fasting glucose, insulin, and lipid profile were assessed. Results. Women with obesity exhibited significantly greater SAT thickness (13.23 ± 3.5 mm vs. 3.76 ± 0.78 mm, p < 0.001), which correlated strongly with anthropometric measures (r > 0.90, p < 0.001) and was independently associated with BMI (β = 1.35), waist circumference (β = 3.44), systolic blood pressure (β = 0.92), HOMA-IR (β = 0.15), LDL-cholesterol (β = 0.09), and the apolipoprotein B/A1 ratio (β = 0.02) (all p < 0.001). Conclusion. Ultrasound-measured SAT thickness is significantly associated with multiple cardiometabolic risk factors in young women and may serve as a practical, non-invasive tool for early identification of individuals at increased cardiometabolic risk.