Postoperative intestinal insufficiency syndrome (IIS) is a complex dysfunction of the motor, barrier and digestive functions of the intestine, frequently associated with abdominal sepsis or multiorgan failure. Correct and early assessment of gastrointestinal motility disorders is essential for improving postoperative prognosis. In this study, changes in intestinal electrical bioactivity were investigated by computerized electrogastroenterography (EGEG) in 187 patients with abdominal surgical pathologies and IIS, divided into three grades according to the severity of the condition. The control group included 30 healthy volunteers. EGEG permitted the non-invasive quantification of absolute and relative bioelectric potentials at the level of gastrointestinal segments, as well as of the coordination coefficients between pacemaker zones. Results revealed a progressive decrease in the total bioelectric activity of the gastrointestinal tract (Ps), correlated with the severity of IIS, from 126.2 ± 18.2 mV (grade I) to 41.93 ± 15.7 mV (grade III). Duodenal activity showed a constant decrease, becoming a predictive marker of unfavorable evolution. Despite the reduction in absolute activity, relative gastric power remained stable, suggesting a compensatory role in maintaining peristalsis. Changes in coordination coefficients indicated neuromuscular dysregulation, with hyperactivity at the gastroduodenal junction and inhibition at the duodenojejunal and ileocecal junctions. The results of the study support the clinical utility of EGEG in the early detection of physiological changes associated with IIS and in guiding the appropriate treatment. EGEG is a reliable method for the functional assessment of gastrointestinal motility and postoperative patient prognosis.