Production is increased gradually with the rapidly increasing population in the world. Reducing, recycling, or researching energy opportunities for waste generated with increased production are some of the noteworthy issues. Especially in recent years, environmental awareness has been increasing with the increase in waste. Consumers now pay attention to whether the products they use are sustainable after their expiration date and whether they do not harm the environment during and after production. For this purpose, innovative and sustainable surfaces based on fungi have been produced in recent years. Fungi biotechnology is a very important issue in terms of ensuring the sustainability of waste generated as a result of production and contributing to the economy. In particular, mushrooms have properties such as converting organic waste into valuable products, closing material cycles in the construction sector, producing biofuels, creating sustainable textile and construction materials, and bioremediation, which put them among the sought-after biomaterials. Because mushrooms are easily degradable in nature and do not harm the environment, they are also an important resource in the fight against climate change. Especially in recent years, the use of mycelium-based composites in construction materials, the use of mushroom bioreactors in cleaning polluted waters, and the use of used mushroom composts in agriculture and gardening to contribute to recycling have made them a sustainable material option in the future. Therefore, mushroom biotechnology aims to make, use, and recycle in order to achieve higher environmental gains with minimum costs, unlike the make-use-dispose application. For this purpose, in this study, the contribution of mushrooms, which have unique aromatic tastes, nutritional values, and medical effects, to waste recycling and economy will be discussed.