This chapter critically analyses the contested concept of tolerance, its varied interpretations, and its role in educational policy and practice, particularly within the context of citizenship education in the UK. It introduces the Conceptual Framework of Tolerance for Community Cohesion (TCC), which positions tolerance along a continuum from thin conceptions, such as non-interference and passive hostility, towards thicker forms characterised by empathy, perspective taking, mutuality, and the celebration of diversity. The framework incorporates both individual and structural factors, including beliefs, attitudes, family and community influences, socioeconomic inequalities, and political contexts, recognising their combined impact on the promotion or erosion of tolerance. The chapter explores the relationship between tolerance, multicultural and anti-racist approaches, and the balance between respecting difference and setting legitimate boundaries to protect against harm. Emphasis is placed on the educational implications of promoting varying degrees of tolerance, from securing peaceful coexistence to fostering deeper intergroup understanding and cohesion. By situating tolerance within political philosophy, sociology, and educational discourse, the chapter argues that a nuanced, continuum-based understanding can better equip policy makers and educators to address diversity, manage conflict, and strengthen democratic values in increasingly pluralistic societies.