Pneumology-related health technologies play a pivotal role in creating respiratory care, given the increasing prevalence of respiratory disease and the chronic imbalance between technological progress and limited healthcare resources. Investment in effective and secure technologies in pneumology can optimize patient outcomes, optimize resource use, and improve the overall provision of healthcare. Patient safety, as defined by the World Health Organization, involves minimizing preventable harm and continually reducing risks in all healthcare environments. Respiratory care technologies, including monitoring devices, diagnostic imaging technologies, ventilators, and new devices, are all involved in patient management. Yet the limitations in resources and urgent clinical needs necessitate wise prioritization, with patient safety at the top of the list. This study introduces a systematic approach for prioritizing medical technologies in pneumology using Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA). Key criteria—such as health outcomes, patient safety, effectiveness, economic impact, evidence quality, feasibility, and stakeholder perspectives—were weighted and applied to various respiratory devices. Data from simulations, surveys of biomedical engineers, and AI input informed the ranking. The resulting framework enables evidence-based, patient safety-focused prioritization of respiratory technologies to guide resource allocation and decision-making. Diagnostic and ventilatory support equipment were identified as the top priorities among the evaluated technologies. Although emerging technologies like artificial intelligence (AI) and personalized medicine show promise, their implementation in clinical settings requires careful consideration.