This chapter presents empirical methodologies for studying emotional appeals in argumentation, integrating psychological models with experimental approaches. It begins by introducing affective lexicons based on dimensional and categorical models of emotion, including large-scale datasets across multiple languages. These lexicons are shown to reflect cross-linguistic patterns in emotional word perception and to serve as tools for identifying potential emotional appeals in discourse. Building on the interactional model of pathos, the chapter then explores how such emotion-eliciting words function within arguments. The second part of the chapter focuses on experimental research. It reviews recent psycholinguistic and cognitive studies investigating emotional arguments, including the use of physiological and behavioral measures. Finally, the chapter presents two experimental studies conducted by the author’s team: one measuring the effects of personal involvement, mood, and emotional appeals on Perceived Argument Strength (PAS), and another analyzing emotional appeals in student debates. Findings confirm that while emotional appeals, especially positive ones, can enhance perceived strength, audience-related factors such as involvement and mood are stronger predictors.