Tinnitus refers to the experience of hearing sounds without any external source. It can occur in one ear (unilateral) or both ears (bilateral). Symptoms can present with or without hearing loss. It manifests as noises such as ringing, hissing, whistling, humming, buzzing, chirping, or clicking. Tinnitus is a frequently observed symptom related to the auditory system, with epidemiological studies estimating a lifetime prevalence of around 3.5% in both men and women. Epidemiological studies conducted in Europe and the USA indicate that approximately 25% of individuals have encountered at least one episode of tinnitus. The treatment options for individuals with tinnitus differ significantly across countries and even within specific regions. Depending on the healthcare institutions involved, a tinnitus patient may receive markedly diverse treatment recommendations as pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions for treatment. There is no specific drug therapy that is efficient in the treatment of chronic tinnitus. Depression, anxiety, or hearing loss should be treated. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and tinnitus retraining therapy are strongly recommended. In cases where hearing loss is severe, nearing deafness, a cochlear implant may be recommended as a potential intervention.

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Tinnitus Rehabilitation

  • Pınar Öztürk

摘要

Tinnitus refers to the experience of hearing sounds without any external source. It can occur in one ear (unilateral) or both ears (bilateral). Symptoms can present with or without hearing loss. It manifests as noises such as ringing, hissing, whistling, humming, buzzing, chirping, or clicking. Tinnitus is a frequently observed symptom related to the auditory system, with epidemiological studies estimating a lifetime prevalence of around 3.5% in both men and women. Epidemiological studies conducted in Europe and the USA indicate that approximately 25% of individuals have encountered at least one episode of tinnitus. The treatment options for individuals with tinnitus differ significantly across countries and even within specific regions. Depending on the healthcare institutions involved, a tinnitus patient may receive markedly diverse treatment recommendations as pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions for treatment. There is no specific drug therapy that is efficient in the treatment of chronic tinnitus. Depression, anxiety, or hearing loss should be treated. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and tinnitus retraining therapy are strongly recommended. In cases where hearing loss is severe, nearing deafness, a cochlear implant may be recommended as a potential intervention.