In many practical situations, it is necessary to fairly divide the joint gain between the contributors. In the 1950s, the Nobelist Lloyd Shapley showed that under some reasonable conditions, there is only one way to make this division. The resulting Shapley value is now actively used in situations that go beyond economics and finance—and in which Shapley’s conditions are not always satisfied: in machine learning, in systems engineering, etc. In this paper, we explain why Shapley value can be applied to such situations, and how can we generalize Shapley value to make it even more adequate for these new applications.

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Why Shapley Value and Its Generalizations Are Effective in Economics and Finance, Machine Learning, and Systems Engineering

  • Miroslav Svitek,
  • Niklas Winnewisser,
  • Michael Beer,
  • Olga Kosheleva,
  • Vladik Kreinovich

摘要

In many practical situations, it is necessary to fairly divide the joint gain between the contributors. In the 1950s, the Nobelist Lloyd Shapley showed that under some reasonable conditions, there is only one way to make this division. The resulting Shapley value is now actively used in situations that go beyond economics and finance—and in which Shapley’s conditions are not always satisfied: in machine learning, in systems engineering, etc. In this paper, we explain why Shapley value can be applied to such situations, and how can we generalize Shapley value to make it even more adequate for these new applications.