This chapter provides a multidimensional analysis of Indonesia’s nickel sector industrial policies. Since Indonesia’s ban on exports of nickel ore and requirements to build nickel smelters and processors were implemented, there have been notable increases in production, exports, and investment in the sector. Despite such performance, there are significant doubts about the long-term success. Currently, there is insufficient information for assessing the overall economic effect. More information on the policies’ effects on value added, employment, and fiscal situation would not only lead to a better understanding of economic impact but also allow policymakers to design appropriate conditionalities, which must then be effectively applied and monitored for the strategy to succeed. Moreover, concerns about the sector’s working conditions, market concentration, and environmental effects must be taken seriously. Finally, the Indonesian government needs to adapt to the shifting international relations that influences its nickel sector industrial policies.