This chapter explores the connection between population games, evolutionary dynamics, and the control of large-scale complex systems (LSCSs). It is shown that LSCSs can be formulated as non-cooperative N-player games, where the underlying optimization-based control task corresponds to a generalized Nash equilibrium (GNE) seeking problem, possibly under partial-decision information. Furthermore, a population game can itself be viewed as an LSCS, with populations acting as macro-players, thereby linking the modeling framework of population games to optimization-based control. The chapter also discusses recent methods for Nash and generalized Nash equilibrium seeking in classical non-cooperative games and introduces an analogy-based perspective for applying population games and evolutionary dynamics to LSCSs beyond genuine multi-agent decision-making contexts. An illustrative example highlights the proposed connections.