Cyanobacterial blooms represent a growing global challenge, driven by climate change, nutrient enrichment, and hydrological modifications. This chapter explores future directions in research and management strategies to address these complex blooms. Key knowledge gaps include strain-specific toxin production, bloom dynamics in tropical and polar ecosystems, and climate–bloom interactions. Advanced monitoring technologies such as hyperspectral remote sensing, biosensors, artificial intelligence (AI)-driven modeling, and genomic tools are highlighted as critical for early detection and proactive management. Sustainable solutions like nature-based interventions, circular nutrient management, and biotechnological innovations are proposed to replace reactive measures. The chapter emphasizes the need for integrated governance, policy alignment, and community engagement through citizen science and risk communication. Global cooperation is essential to harmonize standards, share knowledge, and support vulnerable regions. By combining interdisciplinary research, technological advancements, and inclusive governance, a paradigm shift toward resilient and equitable bloom mitigation can be achieved.