Phototherapy is a cornerstone in vitiligo treatment, promoting repigmentation and disease stabilization. Key modalities include narrowband ultraviolet B (NB-UVB), psoralen plus UVA (PUVA), excimer laser, and targeted phototherapy, each with distinct indications, benefits, and limitations. This chapter provides a comprehensive overview of phototherapy in vitiligo, outlining mechanism, protocols, clinical applications, safety considerations, and emerging innovations. Clinicians will gain practical insights into optimizing treatment selection and improving patient outcomes.