With the growth of cross-border social and economic activities, the number of foreign residents in Japan has steadily increased, driven by labor shortages from Japan's aging population and declining birthrate. By the end of 2024, the foreign resident population reached 3.77 million [1], marking a 10.5% rise compared to the previous year. Additionally, Japan's government has prioritized the tourism industry, and over 36 million foreign tourists visited Japan in 2024 [2], a new record. However, Japan’s vulnerability to natural disasters such as earthquakes, tsunamis, and heavy rainfall poses risks to both foreign residents and tourists. Past large-scale disasters have highlighted difficulties faced by foreigners due to language barriers, cultural differences, and a lack of disaster preparedness. This paper examines the information needs of foreign residents and tourists during past disasters, focusing on accessibility of multilingual information, community cooperation, government support systems, cultural considerations, and the effectiveness of education and awareness activities.