This chapter explores the role of aluminum and its alloys in the automotive industry, highlighting their increasing application in vehicle weight reduction and environmental sustainability. It provides a detailed classification of cast and wrought aluminum alloys, outlining their composition, mechanical properties, and typical automotive uses. The chapter examines historical developments, including the early use of aluminum in engines and body structures, and discusses recent advancements such as Al-Li and Al-Sc alloys. Commonly used alloys are analyzed for their strength, corrosion resistance, and suitability for forming car-body sheets. The chapter also details aluminum's contribution to crash safety, recyclability, and compliance with environmental regulations. Finally, it presents a comprehensive overview of aluminum applications across automotive components, emphasizing its vital role in future lightweight and sustainable vehicle design.