In this study we used a trophic approach to survey mesopredators (i.e., canids and felids) and small mammals (i.e., rodents and marsupials) in silvicultural landscapes. The small mammals were captured by pitfall traps and detected on the feaces of canids and felids by the presence of their remaining undigested hair and bones. Canids and felids were surveyed using line transects. The study was carried out at two farms devoted to Eucalyptus production in São Paulo, Brazil, which have a combination of mixed Ombrophyle forest and Cerrado under varying stages of conservation as Areas of Permanent Protection and Legal Reserve, according to the Brazilian Forest Code. We detected 12 terrestrial species of small mammals and 20 of medium to large mammals, most of them generalists. The species richness and relative abundance of these mammals were similar to those found in previous studies carried out in silvicultural landscapes in Southeast Brazil. Despite the intense anthropic history of local land use, mammalian trophic ecology is relatively complex, with tens of predator-prey interactions in which canids appeared to have a less specialized diet compared to felids, which is a usual pattern. The trophic approach might be useful for monitoring wildlife in agricultural and silvicultural landscapes instead of the usual patterns of biodiversity since trophic interactions reflect the diversity of biological patterns as well as the complexity of the trophic process which tend to shape them.