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Extreme weather events, such as intense single-day precipitation, flash floods, and storm surges, have a significant impact on human life and property. These events contribute to the spread of water-associated diseases by disrupting the water supply and sanitation facilities, increasing faecal contamination in aquatic ecosystems, or providing environmental conditions favourable for the proliferation of pathogens or breeding of their vectors. This chapter discusses how faecal contamination and, subsequently, human health issues are enhanced by extreme weather events. The discussions are based on our previous studies in coastal areas around Vembanad Lake along the southwest coast of India, where the massive flood in 2018 and seasonal floods associated with monsoon thereafter have adversely affected the health of the community. This chapter also emphasizes the importance of surveillance of water quality in coastal waters, using in situ, remote-sensing, citizen science–based, and digital tools, to achieve the global goal of eliminating the spread of water-associated diseases. Additionally, the article highlights the significance of creating risk maps of contaminated areas and disease models to help coastal communities avoid contact with contaminated water bodies.

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Public Health at the Intersection of Climate Change and Faecal Contamination: An Example from the Shores of Vembanad Lake

  • 章节

  • 发表日期：

    2025年

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  • Kiran Krishna,
  • Abdulaziz Anas,
  • Nandini Menon,
  • Grinson George,
  • Ranith Rajamohananpillai,
  • Shubha Sathyendranath

摘要

Extreme weather events, such as intense single-day precipitation, flash floods, and storm surges, have a significant impact on human life and property. These events contribute to the spread of water-associated diseases by disrupting the water supply and sanitation facilities, increasing faecal contamination in aquatic ecosystems, or providing environmental conditions favourable for the proliferation of pathogens or breeding of their vectors. This chapter discusses how faecal contamination and, subsequently, human health issues are enhanced by extreme weather events. The discussions are based on our previous studies in coastal areas around Vembanad Lake along the southwest coast of India, where the massive flood in 2018 and seasonal floods associated with monsoon thereafter have adversely affected the health of the community. This chapter also emphasizes the importance of surveillance of water quality in coastal waters, using in situ, remote-sensing, citizen science–based, and digital tools, to achieve the global goal of eliminating the spread of water-associated diseases. Additionally, the article highlights the significance of creating risk maps of contaminated areas and disease models to help coastal communities avoid contact with contaminated water bodies.