The chapter develops feasible demographic scenarios for the repopulation of Mykolaiv in the context of the Russo-Ukrainian conflict. Three different scenarios are proposed: Scenario 1: Worst-case scenario based on the continuation of the conflict and a low population return rate. Scenario 2: a baseline scenario assuming the conflict phase ends within a medium timeframe and a moderate population return rate. Scenario 3: a Best-case scenario envisaging a rapid end to the conflict and population levels close to pre-conflict levels. Each scenario is analyzed across three temporal horizons: short term (up to 2–3 years, until 2026); medium term (up to 5 years, until 2028); and long term (up to 10 years, until 2034). Drawing on an extensive literature review, the chapter identifies two key drivers of population change: economic opportunities and the stability of the security situation. Through data collection and the application of an econometric modelling likely future demographic trends in Mykolaiv are proposed and discussed. The results of a Delphi survey on the impact of the return of the post-conflict population to Mykolaiv, support the key policy implications and recommendations.