This chapter explores the comparative mental morbidity of men and women as discussed in psychiatric discourse, and analyses the ratio of male to female admissions to the Eginitio and the Dromokaitio. It argues that psychiatric theories presupposed, adopted and supported the established gender roles of the time, and reveals the ways in which hospital use depended on the characteristics and roles conventionally attributed to men and women (largely defined by the ideology of separate spheres and domesticity), and on the profile of each institution.