The study raises the problem of justification of applicability of the mathematical tool of the scheduling theory and interval scheduling to optimize the production schedule of space industry enterprises. This topic is relevant because the space industry is one of the strategically important for the spacefaring nations, and its specifics do not allow the application of the widely studied mathematical tools effective for planning of mass production The mathematical tools of the scheduling theory and interval scheduling in the application to planning in terms of job order production are considered. Factors typical for production planning in the space industry, which necessitate the use of stochastic optimization and the minimax criterion, are presented. It is shown that using scheduling theory and interval scheduling, it is possible to formulate an optimization problem for planning the production of spacecrafts under conditions of uncertainty. And the use of fuzzy estimates for the characteristics of production tasks allows us to overcome the problem of the lack of statistical data on the duration of production of unique technically complex spacecrafts. It is concluded that considered tools can be effectively used for planning job order production, which is typical for the space sector.