Methodological Proposal for the Measurement and Tokenization of Carbon Credits: An Analysis of KPIs Related to CO₂ Sequestration and Emission in Forested Areas
摘要
Climate change poses urgent challenges that require innovative solutions to mitigate its effects and move towards low-carbon economies and production systems. This framework proposes a methodology to transform sustainability-related Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) into tokenized carbon credits. The process encompasses the accurate measurement of KPIs in forest areas, such as water use, energy consumption, biodiversity, soil quality and CO₂ sequestration, through various technologies and methodologies using sensors, remote sensing and laboratory analysis. The data obtained are converted into CO₂ equivalents using standard factors, such as the 3.67 coefficient for organic carbon. Finally, the certified credits are tokenized, assigning 1 digital token for each ton of CO₂ equivalent (1 tonCO₂e) avoided or removed from the atmosphere. The implementation of this system allows for quantifying and monetizing environmental metrics, incentivizing the adoption of sustainable practices and promoting participation in carbon markets. It ensures traceability and transparency, facilitating their trading in voluntary or regulated markets. This contributes to the fulfilment of international climate commitments and the transition to more sustainable economies.